Rush to the fire scene
After rushing to and arriving at the fire site, the fire truck occupies a favorable position for extinguishing the fire and quickly engages in firefighting operations.
1. During the journey to the fire site, the fire truck must ensure safe and rapid operation. Fire trucks should choose the closest fire truck passage to the fire site. When multiple vehicles are moving, each workshop should maintain a sufficient safe distance (50 to 80 meters is recommended) for travel. After arriving at the fire site, it is strictly prohibited for multiple vehicles to enter the same combat area at the same time, in order to prevent the fire commander from mobilizing vehicles in a timely manner to put out the fire and delay the aircraft.
2. The driver of the fire truck must firmly obey the command of the fire commander on the fire site, execute the commander's commands cleverly and flexibly, and ensure the smooth implementation of the entire firefighting battle. In the event of an irreversible change in the fire situation that directly endangers the safety of the fire truck, the vehicle can be transferred to a safer location to continue fighting, and the parking location of the vehicle can be reported in a timely manner.
Operating precautions
Several issues that should be noted during the operation of firefighting vehicles entering the fire site for firefighting and rescue. 1. After entering the fire site, firefighting vehicles should stop at the designated location by the fire commander. The parking posture of vehicles can meet the needs of attacking and retreating from the fire site, and must ensure flexible and free withdrawal from dangerous positions at any time. The engine of the vehicle must remain running and must not be blindly turned off, causing damage to the aircraft. When the fire truck starts supplying water, the water pressure should be gradually increased to avoid casualties or water hose explosions caused by the reaction force of the water gun and sudden pressure rise, which may affect the smooth progress of firefighting and rescue work. During the laying process of fire hoses, if there are sharp objects (such as broken glass commonly seen in fire scenes) on the road and ground, it is necessary to protect the hoses to prevent them from being cut or burst, and to prevent the impact of vehicles rolling over the hoses on firefighting.
During the process of connecting to the water source, attention should be paid to whether the water supply pressure of the fire hydrant can meet the needs of the fire truck. When accessing natural water sources, attention should be paid to the water depth and silt conditions of the river pond to prevent water supply interruption in the fire site due to shallow water depth and the influence of silt on the intake pipe.
When the water source exceeds the direct water supply capacity of the fire truck from the fire site, the fire truck relay water supply method should be used for the fire site water supply. The driver of the water supply truck should pay attention to the overflow situation of the overflow pipe of the water supply truck and maintain an appropriate water supply volume. When the rear car cannot observe the overflow situation of the front car, the driver of the front car can open the manhole on the upper part of the water tank of the car to prevent the tank from expanding due to excessive water supply. During the water supply process, the water receiving vehicle should be parked on a hard road surface. When it is not possible to park on a hard road surface, necessary measures should be taken to prevent the vehicle from getting stuck in mud due to overflow. When directly coupling relay water supply, it is advisable to use the same model of fire vehicles as much as possible, and each vehicle must coordinate with each other to prevent water supply interruption due to improper operation. When the direct water supply pressure is high, attention should be paid to maintaining appropriate water pressure to prevent injury to combatants.
Foam
The correct use of foam fire trucks (artillery) is the basis for extinguishing petrochemical fires.
The foam fire truck (artillery) is a necessary equipment for fighting fires in petroleum, chemical, factory and mining enterprises, port freight yards, etc. Since it has the performance of water tank fire truck at the same time, the correct use of foam fire truck is a problem worthy of attention for every fire commander. Because of the special performance of foam fire engines, most of the fire sites faced by this kind of fire engines are petrochemical and other dangerous fire sites. This kind of fire has the characteristics of fast burning speed, many changes in the fire scene, high probability of explosion and burning, and great threat to fire engines and combatants. Therefore, in order to enable foam fire engines to quickly carry out fire fighting after reaching a favorable position in the fire scene, the following points must be paid attention to:
1. The foam fire truck should face the fire site with its side and rear, quickly discharge water, and increase the pressure to an appropriate level (take Dongfeng fire truck as an example, the pressure is ≥ 0.686MPa when using the PQ8 gun, and ≥ 0.785MPa when using the vehicle mounted gun). After that, open the pressure water cock, then open the outlet ball valve of the foam tank, adjust the mixer to an appropriate position, aim at the flame center, and spray foam liquid.
2. When foam gun is used for melee, necessary protection shall be provided for the fire truck according to the fire situation. Asbestos cloth can be used to cover the vehicle body, and if necessary, water mist can be used to cover it.
3. During the whole fire fighting process, the driver must stick to his post, pay constant attention to the instant margin of foam liquid in the vehicle, and fill foam liquid in time. Once the foam liquid is used up and refilled, it will inevitably affect the whole fire fighting operation.
Preventing water hammer
Prevent Water hammer.
When the pressurized water flows in the pipeline and fire hose, the water flow in the pipeline and fire hose stops instantaneously due to the rapid closing of fire valves, fire hydrants, water guns, etc., and heavy objects such as the dead weight of vehicles crossing the pressure hose, resulting in the instantaneous increase of water pressure in the pipeline and fire hose. The effect of the increased water pressure on the pipeline and fire hose is like a hammer blow. This phenomenon is called Water hammer. The increased pressure in the pipeline and fire hose caused by Water hammer can reach several or even hundreds of atmospheres, causing damage to the pipeline, fire hose and other fire-fighting equipment and equipment, and directly affecting the fire rescue work. Therefore, Water hammer must be prevented in fire rescue.
Dry powder truck
Daily maintenance of dry powder truck and dry powder foam combined fire truck and precautions for fire site use.
1. Regularly check whether the dry powder in the dry powder tank is caking. When adding dry powder, it is important to prevent impurities from getting mixed in.
2. Conduct a water pressure and air tightness test on the dry powder tank every five years according to the specified pressure, and maintain it for 3 minutes. The pressure gauge value should not decrease, and there should be no leakage or abnormal phenomena at each welding point.
3. After using the dry powder gun (cannon), the inner chamber should be promptly purged to avoid corrosion and blockage of the dry powder gun (cannon).
4. Regularly check the condition of nitrogen and dry powder pipeline joints and valves, and promptly solve any problems found. Check the pressure inside the nitrogen cylinder every three months. When the pressure inside the cylinder is below 12MP, it should be refilled.
5. When the dry powder truck (dry powder foam combined vehicle) is used in the fire site, the amount of dry powder required to extinguish the fire should be accurately calculated according to the actual situation of the fire site. At the same time, the dry powder truck (dry powder foam combined vehicle) should be as close to the fire source as possible, aiming at the fire point, and strive to extinguish successfully at one time. When using the dry powder truck for petrochemical fire rescue, the fire site commander shall mobilize corresponding forces as required to do a good job of cover work, and at the same time, consider using the foam truck to attack later to prevent re burning, so as to provide a strong guarantee for successful fire fighting.
